John F. Kennedy A Life of Abundance Before He Became...

The dictionary meaning of a leader is someone who leads or commands a group, organization, or country. John F. Kennedy was known as a great leader and he was also known throughout the world for his heroic deeds. John F. Kennedy’s Assassination was a huge milestone in the past half century and it has affected many American lives. John F. Kennedy lived an abundant life including his younger years, his years in Congress, and his final days as President of the United States. John Fitzgerald Kennedy, also known as Jack, was born on May 29, 1917 in Brooklyn, Massachusetts. John was named after his grandfather, John â€Å"Honeyfitz† Fitzgerald, who was the mayor of Boston. He was born to a wealthy family. His father, Joseph Kennedy, was a businessman and a politician. Joseph was the head of the SEC and an Ambassador to Great Britain. His mother, Rose Fitzgerald, was a Boston socialite. John was the second oldest of nine brothers and sisters. He had one older brother, Joseph a nd a younger brother, Edward Kennedy. His four sisters, Rose, Kathleen, Eunice, Patricia and Jean Kennedy, were all younger than him. When John was only a young child he became very ill. He was given the last-rite five different times, one of them being when he was only a new born. He was in and out of the hospital for the first eight years of his life. For the first four years of his schooling, he went to three different schools: Edward Devotion School, Noble and Greenough Lower School, and Dexter School. ForShow MoreRelatedSpecial Speech : The Avengers967 Words   |  4 PagesBethune, Cesar Chavez, John F. Kennedy, Martin Luther King Jr., and Eleanor Roosevelt each used the power to dream to break barriers and create social change. Everyone in this room has the power to dream, and that is greater than any superpower. The birth of a dream is like a cycle. First you live. You must live through the abundance, the depravity, the easy times, the hard times, the trials, the triumphs, a nd the fails. Why? To shape your character and discover desires out of life, not just for yourselfRead MoreLyndon Baines Johnson1420 Words   |  6 Pagesof such a legendary president, the country was in a state of disarray. Rights as a whole were virtually non-existent. The country was extremely lacking in the health department. As a whole, the United States was losing people to poverty, it seemed, by the minute. Most importantly, however, racism and the limited power of black people was alive and well. Lyndon Baines Johnson changed that. He and his seven year long program, the Great Society, would change the aspect and the life of the minority foreverRead MoreWomen in the 20th Century1684 Words   |  7 Pages The 1960’s was a time period in the United States history that saw an abundance of change for the American people. One of the many changes was the â€Å"sexual revolution†, which mainly focused on women. Not only did it focus on the sexual liberation of women, but also the attitude towards women in corporate America. The sexual revolution was a major turning point on how women were perceived in public, media, and politics. Throughout the 20th century women had become a political presence. They foughtRead MorePresident Lyndon B. Johnson1370 Words   |  6 Pagesone president that is phenomenal is Lyndon Baines Johnson. Lyndon has changed society from 1963 to 1969, with his Great Society Programs, Civils Rights Act, and many more that has impacted society since he came to office. Johnson was born in August 1908 Stonewall, Texas and died in Stonewall, Texas in January 1973, he was the 36th president, married to Lady Bird Johnson. LBJ succeeded by Richard Nixon. He was Vice President under JFK, John F. Kennedy, from 1961 to 1963 then became president in 1963Read MoreCommunism, Democracy, And Capitalism3017 Words   |  13 PagesIdeology â€Å"Mankind must put an end to war or war will put an end to mankind.† John F. Kennedy, September 25, 1961 The cold war was a violent clashing of ideology, communism was battling with democracy. It was one of the most emotionally charged war, and time, in American, and possible the globes history. There was great fear of a global nuclear conflict, that would leave thousands dead, and essentially ending the world as we had ever know it. I will cover the history that is the cold war, and delveRead MoreCapitalism And The Economic System Essay1766 Words   |  8 Pagesbusiness owners. No matter where you start in life or what your gender, race, and political views are; Capitalism gives everyone an opportunity to make it big. The United State’s economy became predominately capitalist by the 19th century after the death of Feudalism. The second half of the 19th century marks the fastest economic growth in American history. There was a rapid rise of production, wages, and personal health. By the 20th century America became a thriving superpower whose industrial andRead MoreThe Civil Rig hts Movement Essay2043 Words   |  9 PagesJohnson: Savior of the Civil Rights Movement? The Civil Rights Movement and President Johnson are closely linked in history. Though there were many other faces to the Civil Rights Movement, Johnson’s was one of the most publicly viewed and instrumental in its passing. It was Johnson who carried the weight and responsibilities of the issue after the assassination of JFK, and it was he who would sign it. Lyndon B Johnson was the most influential forces in establishing the movement that would ensureRead MoreFranklin Delano Roosevelt and His New Deal Essay2319 Words   |  10 Pageseconomic depression experienced by the American people. Never before in the history of the United States has pessimism been so universal. The descent from the height of prosperity of the late 1920s had been rapid, bringing fear and uncertainty. By March 1932 approximately 12 million men and women were unemployed. By March 1933 unemployment had reached 13.5 million. In the hard-hit cities, long lines of hungry people waited before charity soup kitchens for something to eat, and thousands unableRead MoreThe Origin Of Life Terrestrial Or Extraterrestrial Essay2050 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction There is no one universally accepted paradigm for the origin of life. Rather, there are two competing schools of thought that debate the question: Was the origin of life terrestrial or extraterrestrial? Both of these theories recognize that life must have been synthesized under natural conditions, that molecules organized themselves into the first molecular system, that atmospheric oxygen and ozone were rare, and that electrical activity may have produced monomers. The scientificRead MoreSurveillance Of U.s. Citizens2879 Words   |  12 Pagesdata and keeps surveillance on the U.S. to prevent and detect possible threats. This organization now joined with the CSS, Central Security service, according to the shared website has been partnered together since 1972. And they are stronger than before and now is a informant to Department of Defense, the Intelligence Community, government agencies, industry partners, and select allies and coalition partners. This company is the juiciest p art of the peach because everyone depends on them not only

Public Education Essay - 1454 Words

Public education in the United States is perhaps one of the most critical issues we face as a nation. Once pronouncing the United States as a â€Å"nation at risk†, the educational institution began to implement one reform strategy after another. In efforts to improve schooling for K-12 students, education reform has fiddled with class size, revised graduation requirements, and created standardized testing just to name a few. Unfortunately, traditional public schools are still failing to provide students with a quality education. This is disheartening as we learn that the United States lags behind in math and science compared to our international counterparts. It is safe to say that educational reform has spent billions of dollars over the†¦show more content†¦A benefit of placing charter schools in a school district is school choice. Parents appear to support the option of deciding where their children attend school. According to Andy Smarick, â€Å"In New York, 12 ,000 students are on charter wait lists; in Massachusetts 19, 000; in Pennsylvania 27,000† (2008). Additionally, an Annual Survey of America’s Charter Schools 2010 notes that an average of 239 children is on a waiting list to enter each charter school in America, which is a 21% surge since last year (Center for Education Reform, 2010). These studies indicate the importance of school choice to parents and their desire to enroll their children in charter schools. Another example that shows parental demand for charter schools comes from The Evaluation of Charter School Impacts a study published in June 2009 by the United States Department of Education. The study showed parents of charter school students were more satisfied with their children’s academic achievement and social development compared to parents of students in traditional school setting. The study went on to state that eighty-five percent of charterShow MoreRelatedPublic Schooling And Public Education1497 Words   |  6 Pagesexponentially, the gap in the quality of public schooling rises with it. For a country that prides itself in prestigious outlets of education, the system of public schooling seems to be miserably failing. Public education, a system that some fight to destroy while others fight to preserve, is perhaps the only source of academic opportunity for many individuals living in this country. The fact that someone can live in a certain area and receive a higher quality of public education than someone else living in aRead MoreThe Education Of The Public Education763 Words   |  4 PagesAbstract Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) curriculum in schools is undergoing a revolution in public education. This revolution is sparked by an increase in federal funding over the last decade. Between the years of 2011 and 2015, the federal government alone invested between three and 3.7 billion dollars yearly for STEM education (Johnson, 2012) (White House Office of Science and Technology Policy, 2014) and new STEM educational instructional strategies (Bruce-Dacis, GubbinsRead MorePublic Education System For Education1688 Words   |  7 PagesIt is every child’s right to have access to a public education system that will provide quality education for success in life. Yet far today far too many children, especially those from poor and minority families, are limited to at risk by school systems with a lower quality of education while students in a low poverty community receive a higher quality of education. It is frustrating that even when socio-economic sta tuses are rapidly merging and changing that an educational achievement gap stillRead MoreThe Education System And Public Education945 Words   |  4 Pagespeople must take upon themselves the education of the whole people and be willing to bear the expenses of it. There should not be a district of one mile square, without a school in it, not founded by a charitable individual, but maintained at the public expense of the people themselves’† (Strauss). Our founding fathers wanted our nation to be an educated nation. There were many who believed that only a chosen should be educated, but there were those who saw education to be more pervasive. During theRead MorePublic Education in Texas804 Words   |  4 PagesPublic Education In Texas High quality education is a must in U.S. since it means that todays youth will be prepared with the knowledge needed to tackle our nations issues. When looking from state to state, you will notice how various states differ in how well they are able to educate students. Maryland was ranked number one in the nation by having a high grade point average amongst students and an equally high graduation rate. Texas on the other hand had the worst grade point average and graduationRead More Public Education Essay2873 Words   |  12 PagesPublic Education Governor Jeb Bush initiated the nations boldest voucher experiment in June of 1999 when he signed into law his Opportunity Scholarship Program. Florida is the first in the nation with a statewide plan allowing state-paid tuition for children in F graded schools to attend private schools or other non-failing schools. Opponents claim that giving parents the choice to use state education funds at private schools could end up bankrupting the public education system soRead MoreThe Fallacy Of Public Education1580 Words   |  7 PagesFallacy of Public Education â€Å"Do not train a child to learn by force or harshness; but direct them to it by what amuses their minds, so that you may be better able to discover with accuracy the peculiar bent of the genius of each.† -Plato For the last several decades, there has been a great return to homeschooling. Many families have seen the need to remove their children from the public education system for a variety of reasons: for religious grounds, because of a decline of morals in the public systemRead MorePrivate Education Vs. Public Education864 Words   |  4 PagesIt is often said that private education is superior to public education. I attended a private Christian school from grades Kindergarten through eighth. My father believed a private education would be the best option for me. Our class sizes were very small. Each grade level had around forty students, but we were split equally into two individual classes. The majority of the eighth grade class consisted of the same students that we started Kindergarten with. We had grown up together and helped oneRead MoreGraduation Speech : Education And Public Education972 Words   |  4 Pagesin America, the chances of one having received some form of general edu cation are high. Schools come in all shapes and sizes to accommodate the needs and preferences of parents and students; they can range between the extremes of religious to liberal arts and private to public education. In E.B. White’s â€Å"Education†, he describes his son’s shift from a city private school to a country public school. In contrast, the public education I received before entering college was very different from the experiencesRead MoreThe Public Education System Essays1072 Words   |  5 PagesThe Public Education System As we know that the examination system has come to be the main theme of modern education. Every one from his early child-hood should take endless examinations and succeed in passing them, before he could graduate from a college or university. As much importance has been

Change and Transformation for Transformational- MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theChange and Transformationfor Transformational Leadership. Answer: Schools whether public or private, are vital in the society. The students and teachers get to learn many lessons that impact their personal, academic and professional success. Often, however, the school does not provide an adequate and conducive environment for positive learning and working for the students and teachers (Leithwood, Sun Pollock, 2017). The environment and the climate setting of a school are important as it influences on the morale and success of the teachers and students. The leadership of a school is important in improving the outcomes of an institution as it affects the morale and capacity of teachers and ultimately influences on the environment of a school. If the leadership style practiced is authoritative where hierarchical authority is followed, there is likely to be adverse effects. Therefore, a more transformational leadership style that encourages a collaborative nature could be adopted to strengthen the school leadership and promote a positive environment for the school (Yang, 2014). Transformational leadership is involving and encourages motivation to help better those who follow. Teachers, students and relevant stakeholders to the school can adapt to this leadership style (Braun et al., 2016). Ultimately improving the outcomes and exerting control over the challenges experienced by the school. Transformational leadership brings about a positive effect on the school climate, morale and success of students and teachers (Roueche et al., 2014). Is it positive or negative? The change is positive. With authoritative and un-collaborative leadership, the morale and success of students and teachers are affected. Additionally, the climate setting of the school will be changed. A transformational leadership will promote a better environment and create a setting for better learning and work. A positive atmosphere will help teachers work feel more meaningful and develop instructional capacities (Braun et al., 2016). Planned/Unplanned Introducing the leadership change to the public school is not the proposed decision. The change will come about depending on the atmosphere of the school. In the case of an adverse climate setting of a school and environment which is not conducive to learning and working, then planning for a transformational change is important. Resistance to Change Resistance is not always wrong, bad or harmful. Sometimes accepting placidly may never bore well; rather opposition can bring positive outcomes. Although it may be perceived negatively, resistance is a normal response to change. Introducing a change will face a different reception. While I am not rigid to accepting change, sometimes it may pose difficulties adapting to change. Admitting modifications and transformations that affect my status may trigger resistance from within the self. However, if the change is introduced effectively in such a way that the effects will cause less or no harm to my status or work, then I will adapt and handle the change with high acceptance and less resistance. Introducing a change is likely to create uncertainty. The risk is critical to the adoption of change and transformation as it may bring about positive outcomes. Adapting to change is an urgent action to undertake rather that rejecting the change entirely. By changing the style of leadership to transformational, I would accept and adjust to the change with more ease as I have evaluated the cons and pros of such a change. I would be open to facing the important outcomes of the modification (Park, Lim Ju, 2016). Sources of Support through the Changes Introducing a change in a public school that intends to bring improvement will involve engaging educators, policymakers and researchers to raise student success and promote great public schools. While introducing the change in leadership style, many stakeholders need to be involved. The support from the teachers, students, staff, parents and the community as a whole is important as all these are stakeholders who are directly impacted by the environment and climate setting of the school. With input from all the relevant stakeholders, the school will become more confident and create a fair environment for learning and work for all involved parties (Bell Smith, 2017). Who will Resist and why When introducing the leadership change, there is likely to be resistance from different people at adopting and integrating the changing work environment. With the lack of collaboration and less positivity amongst the teachers and students in the school, gaining support and trust to implement the changes would prove difficult. There are often conflicts of interest and needs among many stakeholders, including parents, teachers, students, state, unions and district officials (Wang, Wilhite, Martino, 2016). The table below shows the differences between present state and future state. Table 1: Differences between current state and future state Current State Future State The leadership style is more authoritative Encourage adoption of a transformational leadership style The teachers and students are not collaborative Collaborative relationship with teachers are involved in decision making Low morale is faced by educators and students in the school Increased confidence by creating a conducive environment for learning and working Less active climate setting Optimism, hope, and energy is high Poor quality of teaching The quality of education is improved as teachers can make decisions. Low-performance Performance is improved Benefits and the Costs of the Change Changing leadership from an instructional or authoritative leadership to a more transformational leadership brings a lot of benefits to an organization and same applies to schools. Transformational leadership will help teachers develop and maintain a culture of collaboration and unity. It will also promote a personal and professional development of teachers. This type of leadership will assist the school community to solve problems with more integration and efficiently. Additionally, transformational leadership provides support and teacher recognition, encourages students and educators, inspires students to reach academic success and inspires them to look beyond self-interests. Steps to Implement the Change To apply the change, a few things need to be put into consideration. The first step to implementing the change is developing a personal change. Starting a change with oneself is important and efficient as it will help understand the concepts before introducing them to the other teachers and students. A second important step would be working with the students who face discipline problems. Transformational leadership is involving and inspires a positive change as it focuses on helping individuals become better and successful. Therefore, working with the students who are facing discipline problems would create a favorable environment to trying out the new change. A third step would be building a rapport amongst the teachers and develop a shared vision that aims to bring a collaborative environment (Hooper Bernhardt, 2016). Evaluating the Progress To monitor the progress, effective strategies for evaluating teacher quality and student performance is essential. There should be programs to engage in teacher monitoring and also promote teamwork among faculty and students. There also need to be practical tools for measuring the personal and professional development of faculty and academic success of students. Progress can also be monitored through setting goals and assessment processes and optimizes capacity to develop school goals and improve practice. Recognizing Success To experience the success of the change of leadership style, I will encourage motivation by reinforcing rather than punish, empower the teachers and students instead of overpowering them with authority and also emphasize collaboration and cooperation towards a shared goal rather than rule reinforcement. It is evident that the conditions under which teachers work and students learn impacts significantly on their morale and satisfaction. In environments where teachers feel supported, efforts recognized and have power to making decisions; success is adherent. Transformational leadership enhances positive change in a more energetic and passionate way (Ibrahim et al., 2014). As a teacher, I believe that by encouraging transformational leadership, will improve performance and satisfaction. Transformational leadership change is all genuine and supportive, and it will be successful because it will promote a healthy and positive vision for the future of the public school. The success of my school can set a precedence to be followed by other schools whether public or private schools (Elufiede Flynn, 2017). References Bell, L., Smith, P. (2017). Creatures That by a Rule in Nature Teach the Act of Order (Henry V Act 1 Scene 2): A Case Study of Sustainable Transformational Leadership in a Challenging School. In Building for a Sustainable Future in Our Schools (pp. 171-191). Springer International Publishing. Braun, S., Peus, C., Weisweiler, S., Frey, D. (2013). Transformational leadership, job satisfaction, and team performance: A multilevel mediation model of trust. The Leadership Quarterly, 24(1), 270-283. Elufiede, O. J., Flynn, B. B. (2017). Mentor the Leader: A Transformational Approach. Comprehensive Problem-Solving and Skill Development for Next-Generation Leaders, 188. Hooper, M. A., Bernhardt, V. L. (2016). Creating Capacity for Learning and Equity in Schools: Instructional, Adaptive, and Transformational Leadership. Routledge. Ibrahim, M. S., Ghavifekr, S., Ling, S., Siraj, S., Azeez, M. I. K. (2014). Can transformational leadership influence on teachers' commitment towards the organization, teaching profession, and students learn? A quantitative analysis. Asia Pacific Education Review, 15(2), 177-190. Leithwood, K., Sun, J., Pollock, K. (Eds.). (2017). How School Leaders Contribute to Student Success: The Four Paths Framework. Park, C. K., Lim, D. H., Ju, B. (2016). Transformational Leadership and Teacher Engagement in an International Context. In Handbook of Research on Global Issues in Next-Generation Teacher Education (pp. 22-42). IGI Global. Roueche, P. E., Baker III, G. A., Rose, R. R. (2014). Shared vision: Transformational leadership in American community colleges. Rowman Littlefield. Wang, N., Wilhite, S., Martino, D. (2016). Understanding the relationship between school leaders social and emotional competence and their transformational leadership: The importance of selfother agreement. Educational Management Administration Leadership, 44(3), 467-490. Yang, Y. (2014). Principals transformational leadership in school improvement. International Journal of Educational Management, 28(3), 279-288.

The Philippines Under the Spanish Colonial Regime free essay sample

Taxation Power of the state to impose and collect revenue for public purpose to promote the welfare of the people of a particular society 8 reales at first, then 10 reales in 1589, then 12 reales in 1851. Abolished in 1884 but replaced by a personal cedula tax based on the yearly income of the taxpayer. All citizens above 18 are required to pay the new tax. While the rational of taxation was premised on the support of public welfare like health and sanitation, public works, and safety of the natives, only a few were used for such purposes. Most went to corrupt Spanish civil officials, while some were spent on Spanish expeditions and maintenance of government offices. Forced Labor Called Polo, all male healthy and physically able between 16 and 60 were required to render service for 40 days. The labor force collected were used on construction projects and on the construction and manning of ships in the shipyards for the galleon trade The Filipino labourers, called polistas, received the same treatment as slaves and thus they begin to develop a strong distaste for manual labor re-enforcing the apparent tendency of Filipinos to be indolent. We will write a custom essay sample on The Philippines Under the Spanish Colonial Regime or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page One can be exempted from rendering forced labor by paying a fee called falla which only a few like the governadorcillos, canesa de brangay, and principalia can afford. The Tobacco Monopoly of Basco Established in 1781 by Jose Basco y Vargas Cultivation of Tobacco and its export came under government control and was confined in Nueva Ecija, Cagayan valley, Marinduque, and Ilocos provinces. Brought considerable profit to the government. Led to rampant abuses by government officials to the natives e. g. paying with unredeemable treasury notes, faking the quality of harvested tobacco to issue lower prices. Led to the decline of food production in some areas because farmers were compelled to plant tobacco only. The Galleon Trade Spanish authority closed trade relations with other countries and allowed only two countries, China and Mexico, to trade with the Philippines. From Manila to Acapulco, Mexico Manila became the distribution center of Chinese and other Oriental goods. Disrupted the growth and development of the Philippine economy because other European ships were barred from embarking their products in Manila. The clergy was a primary investor in the Galleon trade. The Obras Pias or pious works was a foundation where money from the trade was invested and appropriated. The profit was intended to be used on orphanages and other charitable institutions. The friars were powerful enough to burrow money from the Obras Pias and the gov’t without collateral and sometimes without paying back, resulting to bankruptcy. Gov. Fernando Manuel de Bustamante investigated the cause of the bankruptcy and urged the friars to pay back the money. He met his untimely death in 1719, allegedly at the hands of the friars. The Galleon trade served as a means of communication b/w Phils. , Mexico, and Spain and also saved the colony from undue exploitation because the Spanish authority was preoccupied with the trade. The Philippines under Spanish Colonial Regime (Part II) The Encomiendas Right given by the king of Spain to a Spaniard who had helped to facilitate the settlement of a territory. By implication, it was a public office and the person became known as a n encomiendero who: 1. Collects taxes from people under his jurisdiction 2. Was obliged to protect and defend the people under him 3. Help in the conversion of the natives to Catholicism The encomienderos abused their rights by forcing the natives to pay tributes beyond what the law prescribed. Natives who could not come to terms in the manner dictated by the encomiendero were brutally tortured or thrown into prison. Some humane ecclesiastic officials decided to inform the king of the unlawful activities out of pity. They were Domingo Salazar, 1st bishop of Manila, and Martin de rada, superior of the Augustinians in the Phils. Who condemned the encomienderos for the various violence and atrocities commited. Economic retrogression The Spaniards the Filipinos for their indolence, which was inherent of the Filipino character, their inability for learning, and their perceived congenital inferiority as Indios for the economic retrogression. Fathers Chirino and Antonio de Morga argued that the retrogression was caused by the gov’t’s imposition of numerous taxes and its utter insensitiveness to render service upon which taxes were instructed. They attested the the dev’t inagriculture, trade and industry, skills and ingenuity of the natives. Abolition of slavery Through the efforts of Bishop Domingo Salazar and various heads of religious orders to ask the king to abolish slavery. They signed a document accusing the Spaniards in the Phils. about the maltreatment of the Filipinos as slaves in the hands of the colonizers which was contrary to the laws of God and of the Indies. One of the administrative accomplishments done by Spain for the colony. King Philip II then issued the Royal Decree of Aug 9, 1589, emancipating all slaves in the colony. On Cultural Development The Spanish introduced lingua franca (Spanish language) to the colony but did not have a deliberate effort to propagate it â€Å"for the fear that the country may become Hispanized and ceased to be a monastic colony†. Natives might begin to understand and question arbitrary and questionable aspects of Spanish rule Only the wealthy and educated middle class learned to read and write in Spanish. Philippine lit. Were predominantly religious in tone, character, and moral quality. First book published in the country was Doctrina Christiana in 1593 via the printing press brought by the Dominican friars in the same year in Manila. Spanish missionaries trained Filipino trainers who were also engravers They include Tomas Pinpin of Mabatang, Abucay, Bataan, Siete Infantes de Lara, and Bernardo Carpio. Distinguished in Phil lit are: Jose dela Cruz (Husing Sisiw 1746-1829) and Francisco Baltazar (1789-1862) Painting and architecture are also focused on religion. Example is â€Å"Our Lady of the Rosary† a. k. a. â€Å"La Naval† carved by a pagan Chinese craftsman. 2 filipinos, Felix Resurreccion Hidalgo (silver medal, Christian virgins exposed) and Juan Luna (gold medal, Spoliarium) won in the Madrigal Exposition of Fine Arts. Philippines under the Spanish Regime (Part III) RELIGION -one of the important objectives of the Spanish colonizers was to spread Christianity. -the establishment of paxhispanica in the Philippines was hastened through the concerted efforts of the Spanish Missionaries. -with the help of the soldiers, missionaries easily conquered territories of the colony and converted the natives to Christianity. -the varios missionaries who used their religious influence were: Augustinians(1565), Franciscans (1577), Jesuits (1581), Dominicans(1587), and the Recollects(1606) SOCIAL RESULTS -Adoption of the Fiesta -Fiesta us a socio-religious event celebrating the feast day of a patron saint of a Catholic Town as an occasion of Thanksgiving for a bountiful harvest and other blessings. -These are exemplified by the colourful Ati-atihanMoriones festival and Obando, Bulacan fertility dance. -The fiesta was a costly social affair for it provided a horde of friends and strangers to temptation to avail some attractions of the celebration like gambling and cockfighting. -The Filipinos look forward every year for the fiesta as a popular and enduring social celebration for it provided the natives a brief respite from the hard of the year and afforded them the opportunity to renew their social affinity with relatives and friends. ARCHITECTURE -Many Philippine churches show influence of the baroque style, having massive walls, and thick buttress and spiral motifs, ornate sculpture facade, and graceful, curving balustrades. -San Augustin Church is the oldest church in the Philippines. -Stone houses of the well-to-do people were constructed in Spanish architectural style with the azotea and Andalucian courtyard. -The house of Dr. Jose Rizal in Calamba, Laguna typified the character of Spanish architecture. EDUCATION -Education in the Philippines during the Spanish era was not open to all Filipinos. -The Spanish government had absolutely no intention of training the natives for eventual independence and self-government. -Some schools were exclusively established for Spanish nationals and people who belonged to the upper social and economic class of society. -the educational system was controlled by the friars through different religious orders. -The preparation, planning, control and supervision of curricular programs the chief feature of which was religion to secularize the colony’s educational system were within the power and authority of the friars. -The University of Sto. Tomas, the oldest pontificialuniversity of the Philippines was founded by the Dominicans in 1611. -Colegio de San Juan de Letran(1601), Colegio de Sta. Potenciana(1589), Colegio de Sta. Isabel(1632), College of La Concordia(1869), and Assumption Convent(1892) -In 1863, the Spanish Government enacted and implemented an educational reform primarily designed to improve the state of education throughout the archipelago. -the decree provided for the establishment of at least one primary school for boys and one for girls in every town. -the decree also provided for the establishment of a normal school for male teachers under the supervision of the Jesuits and created a commission of eight members headed by the governor general. Instruction in the primary level for both boys and girls was free and the teaching of Spanish was compulsory. -While the government opened a higher level of education to the Filipinos, resulting in the emergence of the intelligentsia, a few years later, the Spaniards developed the fear that the natives will understand the value of education in relation to truth and fairness and they may in turn forment rebellion. ECONOMY -The abolition of the galleon trade in 1815 and the separation of Mexico from Spain made it necessary for the Spanish government to engage in trading relations with other countries. -The government also allowed foreign investors to establish residence in the Philippines. -Spain opened its ports in Manila and other parts of the country. -Foreign banking institutions and other lending and credit facilities were open. -The introduction of scientific farming through the use of new technology and other farm inputs accelerated agricultural production. -The removal of stringent restrictions on foreign trade became a big boost for the economy and enjoyed favourable balance of trade with Europe and neighbouring Asian countries. -Roads and bridges were built, shipping lines, inter-island and overseas were improved and communication systems were upgraded. -The opening of the Philippines to world trade and with the emergence of multifarious forces (scientific and technological, industrial, economic, social and political) resulted in economic changes and prosperity that improved the quality of life of the Filipinos.